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Order Collembola - Springtails
(Coll-embola, from Greek kolla = glue, embolos = peg) |
Class: Insecta Order: Collembola |
Examples: |
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Small wingless insects, with 4-6 antennal segments and biting
mouthparts. Body often clothed with dense hairs or scales. Legs with no true
tarsal segments - the tibiae end in a single or double claw. Abdomen with a
bilobed structure, called the ventral tube, on the underside of the first
segment. The name Collembola refers to the adhesive function of this structure
(Greek kolla = glue and embolos = peg). The fourth abdominal segment
usually bears a forked 'tail' or springing organ, called the furcula, which
is normally folded forward beneath the body when not in use. Metamorphosis slight
or absent. This is by far the largest Order of Apterygota (wingless insects) with
about 2,000 species worldwide, of which just over 300 occur in the British Isles.
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Green Springtail - Isotoma viridis |
Description. Up to 4 mm long. Body clothed
with short hairs. Colour rather variable, generally green, yellow, blue or violet.
Biology. Found in various habitats, where
it feeds on rotting foliage, wood and other vegetable remains. The springing organ
is well developed in this species and when the insect is disturbed it can leap away
by flicking the 'tail', or furcula, backward and downward on to the ground. It is
also adept at climbing, even on quite smooth surfaces, by using the ventral
tube, which acts as an adhesive organ or suction pad. Under normal conditions
there are probably several generations in a year.
Distribution. Throughout Europe, including
the British Isles.
Photo: V.J. Stanek © |

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